2019年7月, 英国政府修订了《10bet十博注册网站》(2008)，要求到2050年实现温室气体净零排放. 这一雄心勃勃的目标将有效地要求英国整个能源体系进行彻底的改革，这意味着英国需要一系列强大的、具有成本效益的能源, zero-GHG energy system technologies, covering electricity generation, 热, transport and agriculture to be implemented.
Why decarbonise freight transportation?
脱碳 of freight will play a vital role in reaching these objectives, 如果英国想要实现净零碳排放的目标，那么零排放替代传统柴油动力重型货车(HGV)是至关重要的. Land-based freight is an essential service sector, vital to prosperity; however, it is also a significant source of GHG and noxious emissions.
Transport accounts for around a quarter of UK greenhouse gas emissions, of which over 90% is from road transportation. 人类温室气体约占这一数字的五分之一(运输和环境统计:2021年年度报告).
According to Department for Transport (DfT) statistics, even during the Covid pandemic in 2020, 通过gb注册的hgv(国内道路货运统计数据)，英国公路上运输了1360亿吨货物, UK 2020).
A range of potential approaches
So how can we reduce the carbon impact of this critical part of the economy? In July 2020 the Centre for Sustainable Road Freight (SRF), founded to help industry and Government minimise carbon emissions from the road freight sector, 发表了《10bet十博网址》白皮书. 目的是研究一系列有潜力帮助货物脱碳的技术. These technologies included large-battery electric vehicles, hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, 生物燃料, synthetic fuels and Electric Road Systems (ERS).
另一种可能的货运脱碳途径是将货运转变为电气化铁路运输，这有很多好处，政府计划填补铁路电气化网络的缺口，从而使更多的电力货运成为可能. 然而, given that 80% of freight miles are currently transported by HGV, 看来极有可能出现对零碳道路货运的持续大量需求.
SRF白皮书得出的结论是ERS是道路车辆碳和能源最低的路线, and the most practical solution for long-haul road freight in the UK and Europe. The whitepaper presents the case for a nationwide rollout of ERS through the 2030s, estimating that a total investment in the region of £19.3 billion would allow the electrification of 65% of the UK road freight movements. 其余35%的货运主要是城市运输，预计未来10年将主要转向纯电动汽车.
What are Electric Road Systems?
ERS有几种形式，包括导电(车辆和基础设施之间的物理连接，以进行电力传输)和感应(耦合磁场连接)系统.
The most mature and cost-effective technology is the overhead catenary system which is a commonplace technology in the railway sector and consists of a supporting structure built outside the road boundary that holds two catenary cable systems supplying a positive and negative electrical circuit picked up through a pantograph collector on the roof of the HGV.
The pantograph can be connected and disconnected as needed, hgv可以自由地离开电线超车或使用单独的车载电池继续他们的旅程.
英国人试验
木材运输专家目前正在参与悬链线系统演示可行性研究, 作为 英国政府运输部2000万英镑的资金支持，以加速零排放公路货运的推出, being delivered by Innovate UK. The consortium (City Science, 木, Oxfordshire County Council, Furrer + Frey GB和埃克塞特大学将研究在牛津郡的主干道和/或高速公路的适当路段上进行ERS演示的可行性. 伍德正在主导研究的公路设计元素，并对经济和管理评估进行更广泛的投入, working 关闭ly with DfT and National Highways.
该研究将于2022年3月结束，以期在2025年开始试验，并可能在2026年广泛推出. 在证明研究可行之前，需要考虑几个挑战和潜在的限制因素，并制定10bet十博网址, including necessary regulatory changes, 寻找最合适的规划许可路径，克服围绕潜在环境影响的挑战, impact on the existing utilities and most importantly, 安全. The availability of the energy supply will also be one of the main considerations. 首要的重要任务之一是选址和筛选，以确保为示范研究选择的路段不受主要限制(如大型路口或桥梁结构)。, 但与此同时，也不能忽视未来在更广泛的推广中可能遇到的问题.
What will the future of freight look like?
ERS不太可能为货物运输的脱碳提供唯一的10bet十博网址. It will need to work in conjunction with other technologies, in particular with electric power obtained from onboard batteries, to allow for travel between the electrified sections of roads, and for urban operations. 由于一些限制因素，英国道路系统的全面电气化是不可能实现的，而且零排放电动hgv也没有必要成为现实.
此外，将ERS基础设施的推出与智能交通系统(ITS)等其他道路基础设施项目结合起来，还有几个潜在的机会。, connected and autonomous vehicles and 5G, 使其在经济上更具可行性，从而为英国提供更广泛的世界级数字交通环境.
As the world seeks more sustainable transportation options, 探索ERS的潜力只是木致力于设计更智能移动10bet十博网址的方法之一, 我们将继续利用新科技，装备运输业者和发展商，协助缔造更美好的未来. 了解更多 about our work and connect with our experts here.